Which countries have ratified the ballast water Convention?
Ratification of the Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention by Morocco, Indonesia and Ghana during November 2015 has brought the convention ever closer to meeting the requirements for entry into force.
What is D1 and D2 in ballast water management?
The D1 standard concerns ballast water exchange, which must be undertaken within open ocean areas, >200nm from land and in seas >200m deep. The D2 standard covers approved ballast water treatment systems.
When was IMO ballast water convention ratified?
The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004 (BWM Convention), entered into force globally on 8 September 2017.
What is ship ballast water?
Ballast water is fresh or saltwater held in the ballast tanks and cargo holds of ships. It is used to provide stability and maneuverability during a voyage when ships are not carrying cargo, not carrying heavy enough cargo, or when more stability is required due to rough seas.
Is India ratified ballast water Convention?
India has not yet ratified BWM Convention; however, as per Article 18 of the Ballast Water Management Convention, any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession deposited after the date on which this Convention enters into force shall take effect three months after the date of deposit.
Which year is GBS applicable?
This regulation, which entered into force on 1 January 2012, requires that all oil tankers and bulk carriers of 150 m in length and above, for which the building contract is placed on or after 1 July 2016, satisfy applicable structural requirements conforming to the functional requirements of the International Goal- …
What is regulation D2?
Regulation D2 is a standard governing the treatment of ballast water at uptake to ensure that strict ballast water quality standards are met at the point of discharge.
What is D2 standard?
Regulation D-2 Ballast Water Performance Standard – Ships conducting ballast water management shall discharge less than 10 viable organisms per cubic metre greater than or equal to 50 micrometres in minimum dimension and less than 10 viable organisms per milliliter less than 50 micrometres in minimum dimension and …
What is ballasting and de ballasting?
In the simplest definition, de-ballasting is removing water from the ship to the sea . In contrast, transferring water from the sea to the vessel is called ballasting. The (sea) water is stored in specific tanks on board called water ballast tanks (WBT) or simply called ballast tanks.
What is Marpol regulation?
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes. The MARPOL Convention was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO.
When did India ratified ballast water convention?
The Ballast Water Convention has entered into force on 8 September 2017 and all Indian Flag ships plying internationally may be inspected by a port state of a country which has already ratified the Convention and hence all Indian ships plying internationally to which the Convention applies are required to comply with …
Why is port state controlled?
Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports to verify that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international regulations and that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with these instruments and ensure maritime safety and security and …
How was the Constitution ratified in 1788?
In February 1788, a compromise was reached under which Massachusetts and other states would agree to ratify the document with the assurance that amendments would be immediately proposed. The Constitution was thus narrowly ratified in Massachusetts, followed by Maryland and South Carolina.
What replaced the preexisting ratification process?
Despite the Articles of Confederation, the new – Constitutional – process addressing the procedure in conjunction to the Ratification of the Constitution replaced the preexisting ratification protocol. The Ratification of the Constitution took place on June 21st, 1788 subsequent to the approval of 9 out of the 12 States.
Which states participated in the ratification of the Constitution?
Which States Participated in the Ratification of the Constitution? 1 Delaware. 2 Pennsylvania. 3 New Jersey. 4 Georgia. 5 Connecticut. 6 Massachusetts. 7 Maryland. 8 South Carolina. 9 New Hampshire. 10 Virginia.
How can legislation be ratified?
The statutes regarding ratification expressed within Articles of Confederation mandated that legislation could only be ratified as a result of the collective approval of the entirety of the 13 United States: