Where is GLP-2 produced?
intestinal endocrine L cell
GLP-2 is produced by the intestinal endocrine L cell and by various neurons in the central nervous system. Intestinal GLP-2 is co-secreted along with GLP-1 upon nutrient ingestion.
Is GLP-2 a hormone?
Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an intestinotrophic hormone, secreted by enteroendocrine L cells of the intestinal epithelium. It has been shown to increase epithelial proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, enhance barrier function, and increase digestion, absorption, and blood flow15,16,17,18,19,20.
How does incretin hormone work in the body?
Incretins are a group of metabolic hormones that stimulate a decrease in blood glucose levels. Incretins are released after eating and augment the secretion of insulin released from pancreatic beta cells of the islets of Langerhans by a blood glucose-dependent mechanism.
Is GLP-2 an incretin?
GLP2, which has no incretin effect, acts in the intestine to stimulate mucosal trophism and favor nutrient absorption3, and its potential involvement in bone tissue is under investigation16.
What is the difference between GLP-1 and GLP-2?
GLP-2 is co-secreted with GLP-1 in equimolar amounts. It produces similar, but less pronounced effects on gastric motility and acid production as GLP-1, but has little or no effect on insulin secretion.
What organ is affected by GLP-2?
The trophic effects of GLP-2 are greater in the small intestine than in the colon (297,298). In addition to its trophic effects in the uninjured intestine, GLP-2 promotes epithelial regeneration in a number of models of epithelial injury and inflammation (300–303).
Where are incretins produced?
Incretins are produced by intestinal cells, and their actions include augmentation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by pancreatic β cells. GLP-1-receptor agonists such as exenatide and liraglutide are established treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
What stimulates incretin release?
Glucose in the small intestine stimulates incretin release. Incretins are carried through the circulation to their target tissue: the pancreatic β-cells. Incretin stimulation of β-cells causes them to secrete more insulin in response to the same amount of blood glucose.
Where are GLP-2 receptors located?
chromosome 17
The human GLP-2 receptor gene (GLP2R) is located on chromosome 17 (17p13.
What are GLP-1 and GLP-2?
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP2) are intestinal peptides produced in the digestive system that participate in regulating the different stages of digestion.
Why are GLP-1 receptor agonists used as therapy in type 2 diabetes?
GLP-1 RAs help your body make more insulin. This insulin is released after a meal when your blood sugar level rises. Reduce sugar released from the liver. The liver can release extra sugar into the blood as needed.
Which cells produce incretins?