What is the working principle of turbine?
Turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extract the potential energy and Kinetic energy of fluids and convert into mechanical energy. It is a prime mover which transform the energy of working fluid in to mechanical energy of turbine shaft.
What is the difference between turbine and pump?
As an introduction to turbomachinery, the essential difference between turbines and pumps should now be clear; as turbines are used to create energy out of fluid movement, and pumps are used to create fluid movement using energy.
What are the two types of steam turbines?
1 Steam turbine cogeneration systems. The two types of steam turbines most widely used are the backpressure and the extraction-condensing types (Fig. 19.3). The choice between backpressure turbine and extraction-condensing turbine depends mainly on the quantities of power and heat, quality of heat, and economic factors …
How does steam create high pressure?
Steam can be produced by burning fossil fuels such as natural gas, and releasing their chemical energy to heat the high-pressure liquid in the boiler tubes (water wall tubes, risers, down-comers, superheaters, and economizers).
Is a turbine pump centrifugal?
Turbine pumps are centrifugal in nature but have some characteristics of positive displacement. While that sounds oxymoronic, for different functions, they behave or operate differently. First, the way they impart energy to the liquid is kinetic (and hence centrifugal) in nature.
What drives a turbine pump?
Turbine pumps are dynamic pumps, meaning they utilize fluid momentum and velocity to generate pump pressure. Specifically, they are centrifugal pumps, which generate this velocity by using an impeller to apply centrifugal force to the moving liquid.
Where is steam turbine used?
Steam turbines are found everywhere on the planet and are used to turn generators and make electricity or create propulsion for ships, airplanes, missiles. They convert heat energy in the form of vaporized water into motion using pressure on spinning blades.
What is steam temperature?
The temperature of the boiling water and saturated steam within the same system is the same, but the heat energy per unit mass is much greater in the steam. At atmospheric pressure the saturation temperature is 100 °C.
What is the critical pressure of steam?
22.12 MPa
The critical pressure and critical temperature of water and steam are 22.12 MPa and 647.14 K, respectively. Any boiler that operates below the critical point is called a subcritical boiler, and one that operates above the critical point is known as a supercritical boiler.
What is the working principle of a steam turbine?
Basically, the working principle of a steam turbine is an initial mover that is useful for converting existing potential energy into kinetic energy. This kinetic energy is then converted to become mechanical energy that is formed in a turbine shaft rotation.
How impulse steam turbine works?
In principle, the impulse steam turbine consists of a casing containing stationary steam nozzles and a rotor with moving or rotating buckets. When the steam passes through the stationary nozzles and is directed at high velocity against the rotor buckets. The rotor buckets starts to rotate at high speed.
What are the industrial applications of steam turbine?
According to the industrial applications, the steam turbine has the following types. These turbines are mainly used to drive alternators. These turbines are used to power pumps, air circulators, turbofans, and more. These turbines are typically used on railroad locomotives, ships, and steamers.
When was the steam turbine invented?
In 1884, the first steam turbine was discovered by Sir Charles A. Parsons. In this turbine, the mechanical work generates with the help of the turbine shaft. This shaft is coupled with the steam steam generator which converts the shaft mechanical power into electrical power.