What is MYC in lymphoma?
MYC is a potent oncogene initially identified as the target of the t(8;14)(q24;q32) chromosome translocation in Burkitt lymphoma. MYC gene alterations have been identified in other mature B-cell neoplasms that are usually associated with an aggressive clinical behavior.
Is MYC overexpressed in Burkitt’s lymphoma?
Human c-myc onc gene is located on the region of chromosome 8 that is translocated in Burkitt lymphoma cells.
What does positive BCL2 mean?
The gene for BCL2 is found on chromosome 18, and transfer of the BCL2 gene to a different chromosome is seen in many B-cell leukemias and lymphomas. This causes the BCL2 protein to be made in larger amounts, which may keep cancer cells from dying. Also called B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 protein.
What is double hit non Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Listen to pronunciation. (DUH-bul-hit lim-FOH-muh) A rare, aggressive (fast-growing) type of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma caused by changes in the DNA that affect a gene called the MYC gene and either the BCL2 gene or the BCL6 gene. Double-hit lymphoma may be hard to treat and has a poor prognosis.
What is Myc positive?
c-MYC expression is considered positive when >40% of the lymphoma cells are stained [49]. c-MYC expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) does not equate to c-MYC rearrangement. However, there is a correlation between c-MYC expression by IHC and c-MYC gene abnormalities in aggressive B-cell lymphomas [53].
What does Myc gene stand for?
MYC (MYC Proto-Oncogene, BHLH Transcription Factor) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with MYC include Burkitt Lymphoma and High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma Double-Hit/Triple-Hit. Among its related pathways are Immune response IL-2 activation and signaling pathway and Development IGF-1 receptor signaling.
Which oncogene is associated with Burkitt’s lymphoma?
Burkitt’s Lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive mature B cell lymphoma1, in which the Myc proto-oncogene is translocated to the immunoglobulin loci.
What causes Burkitt lymphoma?
Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma is linked to a virus called the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). This is the virus that causes glandular fever (mononucleosis). People who have had mononucleosis might have a higher risk of developing NHL. But it’s important to remember that EBV is very common.
Which lymphoma is strongly associated with overexpression of Bcl-2?
A small subset of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have increased expression of BCL-2 (33). Additionally, BCL-2 can also become overexpressed in the indolent MZL (32). For patient samples of both MCL and MZL, BCL-2 overexpression is reportedly caused by non-genomic changes to BCL-2 (33, 108).
What is CD20 positive B cell lymphoma?
A protein found on B cells (a type of white blood cell). It may be found in higher than normal amounts in patients with certain types of B-cell lymphomas and leukemias. Measuring the amount of CD20 on blood cells may help to diagnose cancer or plan cancer treatment.
Which is more serious Hodgkin’s or non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
The prognosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma is also better than that of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma since non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is often diagnosed at a more advanced stage. Both forms of blood cancer are treatable when caught early, however.
Can you survive double hit lymphoma?
Patients with double-hit lymphomas have a poor prognosis when treated with standard chemoimmunotherapy and have increased risk of central nervous system involvement and progression. Double-hit lymphomas may arise as a consequence of the transformation of the underlying indolent lymphoma.
What is the difference between BCL2 and myc/bcl6 lymphoma?
MYC/BCL6 lymphoma is much less common and more likely to be immunoblastic, ABC subtype, and have less cytogenetic complexity [27]. These tumors are clinically distinct from their BCL2 rearranged counterparts [27].
What is the role of Myc in high grade B-cell lymphoma?
High grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements MYC is a transcription factor which regulates the expression of several target genes involved in the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, metabolism, protein synthesis, and response to stress [5].
Do Myc and Bcl-2 protein overexpression improve stratification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?
To evaluate whether the addition of two biological markers (MYC and BCL-2 protein overexpression) improves the stratification of high-risk patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Method Seven risk factors were identified at diagnosis, and a maximum of 7 points were assigned to each patient.
How common is Myc translocation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)?
In most published series, MYC translocation can be detected in approximately 10% of DLBCL (range 4% to 14%), and is predominantly seen in the subset of GCB subtype (Table 1) [7–19]. Table 1 Incidence of MYC translocations in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Prognostic Impact.