What are normal arterial blood gas values?
Normal Results Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2): 75 to 100 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), or 10.5 to 13.5 kilopascal (kPa) Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2): 38 to 42 mm Hg (5.1 to 5.6 kPa) Arterial blood pH: 7.38 to 7.42. Oxygen saturation (SaO2): 94% to 100%
What does an arterial blood gases test reveal?
An arterial blood gases (ABG) test is a blood test. It measures the acid-base balance (pH) and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. It uses blood drawn from an artery. This is where the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide can be measured before they enter body tissues.
What does low PCO2 mean?
– Low PCO2 indicates respiratory alkalosis in the presence of a high pH. • Check the pH. – High HCO3 indicates metabolic alkalosis in the presence of a high pH. – Low HCO3 indicates metabolic acidosis in the presence of a low pH.
What happens when PCO2 is high?
Under normal physiologic conditions, an increase in PCO2 causes a decrease in pH, which will increase minute ventilation and therefore increase alveolar ventilation to attempt to reach homeostasis. The higher the minute ventilation, the more exchange and loss of PCO2 will occur inversely.
What is normal range of pO2 and pCO2?
ABG (Arterial Blood Gas)
| pH | 7.31–7.41 | |
|---|---|---|
| pCO2 | 41–51 torr | 5.5–6.8 kPa |
| pO2 | 30–40 torr | 4.0–5.3 kPa |
| CO2 | 23–30 mmol/L | |
| Base excess/deficit | ± 3 mEq/L | ± 2 mmol/L |
What does low PaCO2 mean?
An elevated PaCO2 reflects alveolar hypoventilation, whereas a decreased PaCO2 reflects alveolar hyperventilation. Acute changes in PaCO2 will alter the pH. As a general rule, a low pH with a high PaCO2 suggests a respiratory acidosis, while a low pH with a low PaCO2 suggests a metabolic acidosis.
Is low co2 acidosis or alkalosis?
Respiratory alkalosis is caused by a low carbon dioxide level in the blood. This can be due to: Fever. Being at a high altitude.
What happens when PO2 is high?
PO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) reflects the amount of oxygen gas dissolved in the blood. It primarily measures the effectiveness of the lungs in pulling oxygen into the blood stream from the atmosphere. Elevated pO2 levels are associated with: Increased oxygen levels in the inhaled air.
What is the difference between hypercarbia and hypercapnia?
Hypercapnia (from the Greek hyper = “above” or “too much” and kapnos = “smoke”), also known as hypercarbia and CO2 retention, is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body’s metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs.
Can dehydration cause high CO2 levels?
High values A high level may be caused by: Vomiting. Dehydration.
What is the difference between PO2 and SAO2?
PAO2 is the pressure exerted by O2 on the arterial wall. SAO2 is the percentage of hemoglobin binding sites that are occupied with O2. This is the main difference between PAO2 and SAO2.
What does a low pCO2 indicate?
The most common cause of decreased PCO2 is an absolute increase in ventilation. Decreased CO2 production without increased ventilation, such as during anesthesia, can also cause respiratory alkalosis. Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide will decrease acidity.
How to interpret an arterial blood gas?
– This is usually the primary disorder – Remember: an acidosis or alkalosis may be present even if the pH is in the normal range (7.35 – 7.45) – You will need to check the PaCO 2, HCO 3 – and anion gap
What are calculated arterial blood gases?
– pH (7.35-7.45) – PaO2 (75-100 mmHg) – PaCO2 (35-45 mmHg) – HCO3 (22-26 meq/L) – Base excess/deficit (-4 to +2) – SaO2 (95-100%)
What would an arterial blood gas test reveal?
Check for severe breathing and lung problems such as asthma,cystic fibrosis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ),or obstructive sleep apnea
How to take an arterial blood gas sample?
bleeding or bruising at the puncture site