What are HLA transgenic mice?
Transgenic mice that express human HLA molecules represent a unique in vivo experimental model for evaluating human immune system function. These models have been used to study the role of the human class I or class II restricted T cell repertoire in autoimmune disease, infectious disease, and vaccine development.
Do mice have HLA?
The H-2Db and mouse β2-microglobulin genes have been disrupted. Thus, HHD mice are capable of HLA A*0201-restricted CTL responses, but not H-2-restricted CTL responses. Founder mice from both lines were derived by Caesarean section, and all mice were housed under specific pathogen-free conditions.
What is HLA A2 1?
Common Name: HLA-A2. Homozygous mice carrying the Tg(HLA-A2. 1)1Enge transgene express significant quantities of the human class I MHC Ag HLA-A2. 1 on cells from the spleen, bone marrow and thymus. These transgenic mice have been used to identify hepatitic C virus (HCV) peptides expressing a sequence for HLA-A2.
What is a transgenic mouse line?
(trans-JEH-nik…) Mice that have had DNA from another source put into their DNA. The foreign DNA is put into the nucleus of a fertilized mouse egg.
What is HLA antigen?
(HYOO-mun LOO-koh-site AN-tih-jen) A type of molecule found on the surface of most cells in the body. Human leukocyte antigens play an important part in the body’s immune response to foreign substances. They make up a person’s tissue type, which varies from person to person.
What is HLA-A2 positive?
Conclusion: HLA-A2 positive patients exhibit poorer tumor differentiation. This might account for a non-significant difference in OAS. The use of HLA-A2 negative patients as control cohort in CRC vaccinations would rather underestimate potential treatment-related survival effects.
What are the different HLA types?
There are three general groups of HLA, they are HLA-A,HLA-B and HLA-DR. There are many different specific HLA proteins within each of these three groups. (For example, there are 59 different HLA-A proteins, 118 different HLA-B and 124 different HLA-DR!)
Why are transgenic mice used?
Transgenic mice can also be used to study gene function or to generate models for human genetic disease, provided that the desired effect can be observed when the transgene is expressed in the presence of the multitude of host genes. In other words, dominant gain-of-function genetic alterations can be studied.
How are transgenic mice made?
Typically, transgenic mice are generated by microinjecting the transgenic construct into a fertilized egg (oocyte or zygote). An alternative way to effectively introduce a transgene into an egg is the use of a retrovirus vector.
What is HLA genotyping?
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing is used to match patients and donors for bone marrow or cord blood transplants. HLA are proteins — or markers — found on most cells in your body. Your immune system uses these markers to recognize which cells belong in your body and which do not.
What is HLA positive?
A positive test means HLA-B27 is present. It suggests a greater-than-average risk for developing or having certain autoimmune disorders. An autoimmune disorder is a condition that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy body tissue.
What is the most common HLA?
Results. The most common alleles found in Caucasians were HLA-A*02, 24, 01; HLA-B*35, 44, 51; DRB1*11, 13, 07; for Afro-Brazilians they were HLA-A*02, 03, 30; HLA-B*35, 15, 44; DRB1*13, 11, 03; and for Asians they were: HLA-A*24, 02, 26; HLA-B*40, 51, 52; DRB1*04, 15, 09.
Do HLA-A11 transgenic mice exhibit A3 supertype a11-restricted epitopes?
In addition, an HLA-A11 transgenic mouse that is a representative mouse model for the A3 supertype displays a defect in processing natural A11-restricted epitopes 5, 29.
Are HLA class I transgenic mice useful models for human MHC-related immune responses?
[…] HLA class I (HLA-I) transgenic mice have proven to be useful models for studying human MHC-related immune responses over the last two decades. However, differences in the processing and presentation machinery between humans and mice may have profound effects on HLA-I restricted antigen presentation.
How are hla-a2/htap-LMP mice obtained?
HLA-A2/hTAP-LMP, HLA-A11/hTAP-LMP and HLA-A33/hTAP-LMP mice were obtained by crossing HLA-A2, HLA-A11 and HLA-A33 mice with hTAP-LMP mice, respectively. All transgenic mice were maintained as heterozygotes.
Do transgenic human TAP molecules increase HLA-A11 and induce strong CTL responses?
Thus, it is quite possible that transgenic human TAP molecules make a substantial contribution to the elevation of HLA-A11 molecules and the induction of strong CTL responses. Regardless, whether the human LMP molecules have a similar effect is uncertain and will be tested in further studies.