How do you identify Hymenolepis nana?
nana infection is diagnosed by identifying the 30- × 47-µm parasite eggs (with their characteristic double membrane) in the stool (Fig. 289.3C–D). Treatment is with praziquantel or niclosamide (see “Therapy”).
What causes Hymenolepis nana?
Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes (tapeworm) species, Hymenolepis nana (the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length) and Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm, adults measuring 20 to 60 cm in length).
How do you treat Hymenolepis nana?
Treatment is available. A prescription drug called praziquantel is given. The medication causes the dwarf tapeworm to dissolve within the intestine. Praziquantel is generally well tolerated.
Where is Hymenolepis nana found?
The dwarf tapeworm or Hymenolepis nana is found worldwide. More common in warm parts of South Europe, Russia, India, US and Latin America.
Does Hymenolepis nana spread?
H. nana infections are much more common than H. diminuta infections in humans because, in addition to being spread by insects, the disease can be spread directly from person to person by eggs in feces.
How long can a tapeworm live in a human?
Adult tapeworms can live for up to 30 years in a host. Intestinal tapeworm infections are usually mild, with only one or two adult tapeworms. But invasive larval infections can cause serious complications.
How can hymenolepiasis be prevented?
Prevention. Good hygiene, public health and sanitation programs, and elimination of infected rats help to prevent the spread of hymenolepiasis. Preventing fecal contamination of food and water in institutions and crowded areas is of primary importance.
What kills Ascaris?
The treatment for ascariasis is anti-helminthic (roundworm-killing) drugs, taken by mouth. These include albendazole, ivermectin, and mebendazole. Albendazole and ivermectin are available in the U.S. for human treatment as ready-to-prescribe pills, but a compounding pharmacy must specially prepare mebendazole.
Can you pull a tapeworm out of your mouth?
After sedating the man, a team of physicians at the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences Hospital in New Delhi was able to extract the worm by pulling it through his mouth with a pair of forceps. When removed, the tapeworm measured 6.1 feet and was classified as a Taenia solium, otherwise known as a pork tapeworm.