What are some examples of junk science?
Research on a number of current environmental issues is often labeled “junk science”: particulate air pollution, electromagnetic radiation, and environmental estrogens, for example.
What is the junk science law?
Due to the uncertainty surrounding forensic science, state legislators drafted and approved the Texas Junk Science Law (SB 344) in 2013. This allows current Texas prisoners–even those who are on death row–to challenge their convictions if they were based on “junk science.”
Is blood spatter junk science?
In 2009, the National Research Council condemned blood pattern analysis as “more subjective than scientific.” Nothing changed. In 2016, it called for testing of error rates in criminal forensic science. Again, nothing changed.
What techniques are used in forensic chemistry?
They use ultraviolet or infrared light, X-ray spectroscopy, Chromatography (gas, column, etc), and mass spectrometry as their analytical instruments to find evidence. They first try to use reversible methods to preserve the original samples so that they can carry out more tests if required.
What is junk science in biology?
The expression junk science is used to describe scientific data, research, or analysis considered by the person using the phrase to be spurious or fraudulent.
What is the difference between sound science and junk science?
Lack of “sound science” is a common critique used against public health and consumer activists in an attempt to discredit their concerns about public safety and environmental risk. Junk science is often presented as the opposite of “sound science,” usually for propagandistic purposes that favor industry.
How does court protect against junk science?
To protect against the use of such “junk science” in the courtroom, the United States Supreme Court issued a series of rulings in the 1990s—known as the Daubert trilogy—instructing trial courts to act as gatekeepers so as to only allow relevant and reliable scientific evidence to be presented to a jury.
What are the 3 types of blood spatter?
Bloodstains are classified into three basic types: passive stains, transfer stains and projected or impact stains.
What does BPA stand for forensics?
Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) conducted by scientists using deductive reasoning, experimentation, and a complete understanding of the crime scene can inform courts and juries about the details of a crime. From: Forensic Science Reform, 2017.
What technique would most likely be used by forensic scientist?
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting, DNA testing, or DNA typing) —> is a forensic technique used to identify individuals by characteristics of their DNA.
What kind of science is forensics?
Forensic science, also known as criminalistics, is the application of science to criminal and civil laws, mainly—on the criminal side—during criminal investigation, as governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure.
Why does junk science exist?
The concept was popularized in the 1990s in relation to expert testimony in civil litigation. More recently, invoking the concept has been a tactic to criticize research on the harmful environmental or public health effects of corporate activities, and occasionally in response to such criticism.