How can you tell the difference between restrictive cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericarditis?
In restrictive cardiomyopathy, reduced compliance is caused by abnormal elastic properties of the myocardium and/or intercellular matrix, whereas in constrictive pericarditis, reduced chamber compliance is imposed by the external pericardial constraint.
What is the difference between restrictive and constrictive cardiomyopathy?
Constrictive pericarditis requires surgical treatment and is usually curable, while restrictive cardiomyopathy, short of cardiac transplantation, is treatable only by medical means and often responds unsatisfactorily.
Can constrictive pericarditis be seen on Echo?
Conclusions— Echocardiography allows differentiation of constrictive pericarditis from restrictive myocardial disease and severe tricuspid regurgitation.
What is the difference between constriction and restriction?
Remember, restrict means to limit or put boundaries on something, constrict primarily means to make something narrower particularly through the use of a squeezing action, it is sometimes used figuratively to mean to limit something.
What is Beck’s triad used for?
Beck’s triad is a collection of three medical signs associated with acute cardiac tamponade, a medical emergency when excessive fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac around the heart and impairs its ability to pump blood.
How is restrictive cardiomyopathy diagnosed?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy is diagnosed based on medical history, physical exam, and diagnostic tests. Diagnostic work-up may include electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echocardiogram, exercise stress test, cardiac catheterization, CT scan, MRI and radionuclide studies.
Is restrictive pericarditis same as constrictive pericarditis?
Abstract. Constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy are 2 forms of diastolic dysfunction with similar presentation but different treatment options. Whereas constrictive pericarditis has the potential of being cured with pericardiectomy, restrictive cardiomyopathy is usually incurable.
What are two classic findings of pericarditis?
Characteristic clinical findings in pericarditis include pleuritic chest pain and pericardial friction rub on auscultation of the left lower sternal border. Electrocardiography may reveal diffuse PR-segment depressions and diffuse ST-segment elevations with upward concavity.
How does echo diagnose pericarditis?
An echo will show the classic signs of constrictive pericarditis, including a stiff or thick pericardium that constricts the heart’s normal movement. Cardiac MRI to check for extra fluid in the pericardium, pericardial inflammation or thickening, or compression of the heart.
Why is Y wave prominent in constrictive pericarditis?
In constrictive pericarditis, the characteristic sharp and deep y descent reflects rapid filling in early diastole which occurs when the unyielding pericardium elevates atrial pressure and limits ventricular filling to the early diastolic period.
What is Pulsus Paradoxus?
Pulsus paradoxus refers to an exaggerated fall in a patient’s blood pressure during inspiration by greater than 10 mm Hg.
What’s the difference between cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion?
What’s the difference between pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade? Pericardial effusion is the technical term for when the pericardium is filling up with fluid. Cardiac tamponade is when pressure from surrounding fluid keeps your heart from beating.
How is pericardial constriction diagnosed in echocardiography?
Clinically, the patients present with a virtually identical constellation of signs and symptoms. Echocardiography to detect exaggerated respiratory interdependence and annular septal velocities may be diagnostic of pericardial constriction, but cannot determine pericardial thickness.
What is the prevalence of restrictive cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericarditis?
As many as 10-15% have either restrictive cardiomyopathy or constrictive pericarditis. This paper reviews this latter group. The following are key points to remember: Patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy typically present with the usual constellation of HF symptoms, including dyspnea and fatigue with typical findings of CHF on physical exam.
What is the pathophysiology of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a disease with various causes that affects myocardial function either by primary myocyte dysfunction and/or by extracellular infiltration or fibrosis. Both conditions, CP and RCM, lead to diastolic heart failure with abnormal ventricular filling and similar clinical features.
What is the pathophysiology of constrictive pericarditis?
Constrictive pericarditis is the result of abnormal pericardial compliance, which in the majority of instances is associated with a thickened pericardium. When the etiology is prior inflammation (tuberculosis being the classic example), pericardial calcification is often detected.