What is the cause of oculogyric crisis?
Oculogyric crises can be triggered by neuroleptics or other medication such as dopamine receptor antagonists. Oculogyric crises are rarely reported with quetiapine in the literature. Emotional stress and fatigue seem to worsen or induce these episodes. The onset of these attacks is often abrupt.
When does oculogyric crisis occur?
Oculogyric crisis was originally described in patients with encephalitis lethargica, but these days are more commonly observed after exposure to a variety of medications (e.g., antiemetics, antidepressants, and antipsychotics) that cause acute dystonic reactions or tardive phenomena (Thenganatt and Jankovic, 2015).
What medications can cause oculogyric crisis?
Drugs that can trigger an oculogyric crisis include neuroleptics (such as haloperidol, chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, olanzapine), carbamazepine, chloroquine, cisplatin, diazoxide, levodopa, lithium, metoclopramide, lurasidone, domperidone, nifedipine, pemoline, phencyclidine (“PCP”), reserpine, and cetirizine, an …
Is oculogyric crisis an emergency?
Oculogyric crisis is a type of acute dystonia characterized by spasmodic movement of eyeball, usually upward, and each spasm lasts from seconds to hours. Oculogyric crisis is not usually life threatening but it can be very distressing to the patient and family.
What drugs can cause dystonia?
Neuroleptics (antipsychotics), antiemetics, and antidepressants are the most common causes of drug-induced dystonic reactions. Acute dystonic reactions have been described with every antipsychotic. Alcohol and cocaine use increase risk.
Where is dystonia?
Adult onset dystonia usually is located in one or adjacent parts of the body, most often involving the neck and/or facial muscles. Acquired dystonia can affect other regions of the body.
How is acute dystonia treated?
Treatment / Management The most commonly available drugs in the emergency setting for the treatment of acute dystonic reactions are diphenhydramine and benztropine. Symptoms usually improve or resolve dramatically within 10 to 30 minutes of administration of parenteral anticholinergics.
What causes Oromandibular dystonia?
What Causes Oromandibular Dystonia? Experts believe dystonia results from excessive signals arising from the brain that cause muscles to contract inappropriately. However, the exact reason why the brain delivers these excessive signals is not completely understood.
What is dystonic crisis?
An acute dystonic reaction is characterized by involuntary contractions of muscles of the extremities, face, neck, abdomen, pelvis, or larynx in either sustained or intermittent patterns that lead to abnormal movements or postures.
What foods help dystonia?
There is no known correlation between dystonia and diet. Generally speaking, individuals with dystonia should have a nutritious diet sufficient in calories, considering the amount of muscle activity experienced throughout the day. Stimulants such as nicotine and caffeine may make symptoms worse.